Converging evidence from different electromagnetic inverse modeling methods indicates that BETS are traveling, rotating hippocampal spikes, whose diphasic waveform is due to back and forth propagation along the anterior-posterior axis of the hippocampus.
The hippocampal localization and longitudinal, rotating propagation pattern of BETS raises the possibility of a sleep-related functional role for these hippocampal spikes.
The hippocampal localization and longitudinal, rotating propagation pattern of BETS raises the possibility of a sleep-related functional role for these hippocampal spikes.Few studies have explored the association between malnutrition, defined by the Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index (GNRI), and all-cause mortality, particularly in the Chinese population. This study aimed to investigate the association between the GNRI and all-cause mortality in the elderly population.
Participants aged ?60 years were eligible for this study and were divided into three groups by the GNRI An adequate nutrition group, participants with a GNRI ?98; mild malnutrition group, participants with a GNRI ?82 but &lt;98; and a severe malnutrition group, participants with a GNRI &lt;82. The results implied that there was a positive association between severe malnutrition and all-cause mortality in the total population (hazard ratio (HR) 2.591 and 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.729-3.884), male subjects (HR 2.903 and 95% CI 1.718-4.906), and female subjects (HR 2.081 and 95% CI 1.071-4.046). Similar associations between severe malnutrition and all-cause mortality were observed in both the 60-69 and 70-79 years age groups (HR 2.863 and 2.600, 95% CI 1.444-5.678 and 1.394-4.849, respectively). However, no significant association was observed between mild malnutrition and all-cause mortality.
Severe malnutrition could increase all-cause mortality in the 60- to 79-year-old population. However, there was no association of mild malnutrition with all-cause mortality.
Severe malnutrition could increase all-cause mortality in the 60- to 79-year-old population. However, there was no association of mild malnutrition with all-cause mortality.Management of dyslipidemia remains the cornerstone for prevention of cardiovascular diseases. We aimed to evaluate the epidemiology of dyslipidemia in northeast China.
This cross-sectional survey was administered on 18,796 participants aged ?40 years from September 2017 to March 2019 through a multistage, stratified, and cluster random sampling method. Lipid profiles were proposed by National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III. The crude prevalence of dyslipidemia was 35.8%, higher in urban and women than their counterparts (49.5% vs 30.2%, 37.6% vs 33.0%, p&lt;0.001). The age-standardized prevalence of dyslipidemia was 34.0% (urban 47.9%, and rural 28.9%; men 36.2%, and women 33.4%). The prevalence of high total cholesterol (TC), high triglyceride (TG), high low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) were 14.2%, 17.7%, 5.7% and 11.4% respectively. Noticeably, the prevalence of high LDL-C and low HDL-C in urban areas showed a 2.2-fold and 6.3-fold increase over the rural areas (9.3% vs 4.2% and 28.4% vs 4.5%, respectively). Among participants with dyslipidemia, 14.7% were aware of their condition; 5.9% were taking lipid-regulating medications; and only 2.9% had their dyslipidemia controlled. Comorbidities including hypertension (63.6%), and diabetes (25.2%) were highly prevalent in patients with dyslipidemia, however, the control rates of those comorbidities were only 40.0% and 6.6%.
Patients with dyslipidemia showed high cardiovascular burden with low control rates of dyslipidemia, high prevalence of coexisting risk factors. Therefore, region- and sex-specific strategies to manage dyslipidemia and related risk factors should be highlighted.
Patients with dyslipidemia showed high cardiovascular burden with low control rates of dyslipidemia, high prevalence of coexisting risk factors. Therefore, region- and sex-specific strategies to manage dyslipidemia and related risk factors should be highlighted.Obesity has been suggested as a possible risk factor for a more severe course of COVID-19; however, conclusive evidence is lacking and few studies have investigated the role of BMI as a risk factor for admission to intensive care unit (ICU) and mortality. We retrospectively analyzed a COVID-19 cohort recruited during the first 40 days of the epidemic in Italy. We examined the association between obesity and 30-day mortality, admission to ICU, mortality and length of hospital stay in patients with COVID-19.
Demographic, clinical and outcome data were retrospectively analyzed in 331 patients with COVID-19 admitted to hospital between 21 February and 31 March 2020. The predictive effect of obesity on mortality was assessed using a Cox proportional-hazard regression model, its effect on ICU admission and mortality in the ICU using logistic regressions, and its effect on length of hospital stay using a linear regression. Seventy-four of 331 patients had a BMI ?30kg/m. Among obese patients, 21 (28.4%) required admission in ICU and 25 died (33.8%). After controlling for sex, age, comorbidities and clinical data, obesity was not significantly associated with mortality, mortality in ICU and length of hospital stay. The effect of obesity on ICU admission remained significant after controlling for sex, age, interstitial lung disease, heart disease and serum C-reactive protein.
Obese patients with COVID-19 were more likely to be admitted to ICU than non-obese patients. However, there were no significant differences in mortality between the two groups.
Obese patients with COVID-19 were more likely to be admitted to ICU than non-obese patients. However, there were no significant differences in mortality between the two groups.Abdominal aortic calcification (AAC) has been introduced as a good predictor of cardiovascular disease (CVD) events, but no previous study has investigated the relationship between folate levels and AAC. The present study aims to explore the relationship between red blood cell (RBC) folate, a better indicator reflecting long-term folate intake, and severe AAC in the United States (US) middle-aged and elderly population.
Cross-sectional data were derived from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2013-2014 of 2818 men and women aged 40 years or older. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to determine odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for severe AAC of each RBC folate quintile category. https://www.selleckchem.com/products/dwiz-2.html The restricted cubic spline model was used for the dose-response analysis. A U-shaped dose-response relation between RBC folate and the odds of severe AAC was found after adjustment for multiple potential confounding factors, p for nonlinear=0.0032. With the third quintile category of RBC folate as the reference, multivariable-adjusted ORs and 95% CIs of the lowest, second, fourth, and the highest quintile categories were 2.